深圳市水生态系统服务功能价值评估

论文以深圳市水生态系统服务功能为研究对象,综合运用生态学和经济学评价方法,评估深圳水生态系统服务功能价值,分析城市水生态系统在提供产品、调节、支持、文化功能等方面对城市发展的正效益,以期达到促进城市水资源的科学利用和管理。研究结果表明：深圳水生态服务功能价值总计864.51×10⁸元,其中,提供产品价值占6.48%,调节功能价值占69.84%,支持功能价值占7.68%,文化服务功能价值占15.99%。水生态系统的调节功能发挥巨大的作用,与充沛的降雨和良好的防洪设施有较大关系,在调节功能中净化空气服务功能价值几乎可忽略。水生态提供产品功能价值最低,表明深圳水资源匮乏,水生态系统对城市产品供应不足。研究认为,深圳水生态系统对支持和保护城市生态系统具有重要作用,应以行政区域为单位,建立水生态服务功能评价体系,开展水生态服务功能价值的长期观测与评价,评估时间尺度上水生态服务功能的实际变化情况,以水生态服务功能来表征城市水生态格局、水环境生境等生态环境要素的实际变化。

Valuation of Water Ecosystem Services in Shenzhen City

In order to promote the scientific use and management of urban water resources, this study estimated the economic value of water ecosystem service of Shenzhen City with integrated method of economics and ecology and analyzed the impact of water ecosystem on urban development from the perspective of product providing, regulating, culture and support. The results showed that the total value of water ecosystem services of Shenzhen was 864.51×10⁸ yuan, in which regulating was the most valued water ecosystem service function, accounting for 69.84%. The value of providing, supporting, and cultural function accounted for 6.48%, 7.68% and 15.99%, respectively. The great regulating function owed to abundant rainfall and good flood control facilities. The value of air purification service in regulating function could be neglected. The value of providing function was the lowest, indicating the scarcity of water resources in Shenzhen. The study suggested that urban water ecosystem evaluation system should be established for each administrative region for the purpose of carrying out long term observation and evaluation of water ecosystem service functions, evaluating the actual changes of water ecosystem service with time, and engaging the value of water service function in the actual changes of ecological environment factors.