中国重要丛生竹硅储量研究

为了探明中国重要丛生竹的硅(Si)储量的大小及空间分布特征,在广东、福建、浙江、云南和四川等丛生竹的主产区选择了8 种重要丛生竹(青皮竹、粉单竹、麻竹、绿竹、黄竹、龙竹、缅甸竹和慈竹),通过测定不同丛生竹叶、枝、秆和现存凋落物中的硅含量和生物量,对我国重要丛生竹的硅储量进行了初步估算.结果表明:① 8 种丛生竹不同竹龄叶、枝、秆Si 含量大小依次表现为叶(12.47~62.71 g·kg^-1) >枝(7.66~29.26 g·kg^-1) >秆(1.12~11.77 g·kg^-1),且各器官中Si含量均低于凋落物(40.86 ~123.74 g·kg^-1);在不同竹种间,绿竹2、3 a 叶、枝Si 含量均显著高于其他竹种,粉单竹的1、2、3 a 秆中的Si 含量分别与1 a 麻竹、2 a 绿竹及3 a 缅甸竹存在显著差异;② 8 种丛生竹地上部分的总Si 储量为5 082.93 kg·hm^-2,其中,现存凋落物的贡献率可达51.18%,远大于叶、枝、秆.不同竹种Si 储量大小依次为:龙竹 >黄竹 >慈竹 >绿竹 >青皮竹 >缅甸竹 >粉单竹 >麻竹;③ 通过对竹种面积与地上部分总Si 储量计算可得,8 种重要丛生竹地上部分Si 总储量约为41.55×10⁴ t Si,目前全国丛生竹地上部分Si 总储量约为51.94×10⁴ t Si.论文对丛生竹生态系统硅储量的估算能为整个竹林系统以及亚热带森林生态系统硅储量的估测提供一定基础数据.

Research on Silicon Storage of Important Sympodial Bamboo Species in China

To investigate the silicon (Si) storage in sympodial bamboo ecosystem and its spatial distribution in China, samples were collected from the sympodial bamboo forest in Guangdong, Fujian, Zhejiang, Yunnan, and Sichuang provinces. The eight selected sympodial bamboo species in this study were Bambusa textilis McClure (BTM), Bambusa chungii McClure (BCM), Bambusa burmanica McClure (BBM), Dendrocalamus latiflorus Munro (DLM), Dendrocalamopsis oldhami (Munro) Keng f. (DOK), Dendrocalamus membranceus Munro (DMM), Dendrocalamus giganteus Munro (DGM) and Neosinocalamus affinis (Rendle) Keng f. (NAK), respectively. They cover more than 0.64 million hm² and approximately account for 80% of the total sympodial bamboo forest area in China. The above-ground Si storage of the eight sympodial bamboo forests was initially estimated by measuring the Si content and dry biomass in leaf, branch, culm and litter, respectively. The results showed that: 1) the Si contents in different organs of the eight sympodial bamboo forests ranked as follows: leaf (12.47-62.71 g·kg^-1) > branch (7.66- 29.26 g·kg^-1) > culm (1.12-11.77 g·kg^-1), and the average Si content in litter was higher than that in organs. Meanwhile, among the different species, the Si content of the leaf and branch was significantly higher in DOK than that in other species. 2) The Si storages of the eight different sympodial bamboo species ranked in the following order: DGM > DMM > NAK > DOK > BTM > BBM > BCM > DLM. In addition, the total Si storage in above-ground part of the eight sympodial bamboo species was about 5082.93 kg·hm^-2, in which the Si storage in the litter accounted for more than 51%. And 3) through calculating the area and the Si storage, the storage of total Si in the above-ground part of the eight selected sympodial bamboo species was approximately 41.55×10⁴ t Si and the storage of the total Si in the whole sympodial bamboo in China was approximately 51.94×10⁴ t Si. The initial estimation of Si storage in the whole sympodial bamboo ecosystem in this study has a vital significance and provides basic data for estimating the Si storage in the whole bamboo ecosystem, and even that in subtropical forest ecosystem.