生态系统固碳特征及其研究进展

生态系统固碳是人类应对气候变化以及全球系统变化过程的研究热点。论文结合生态系统固碳和碳汇概念,探讨生态系统自然固碳、人为工程固碳措施对生态系统功能的影响并分析生态系统固碳特征及风险。研究得出如下结论:陆地生态系统对CO₂的自然吸收与封存是相对安全有效的固碳措施,对人类与生态系统健康的影响要小于地质层与海洋层固碳。海洋生态系统固碳容易导致海水酸化以及生态系统不可逆的损害;由于地壳运动很难预测,所以地质层固碳可能面临不可预知的风险。因此,利用生态系统自然固碳能力、发展绿色固碳技术是降低人为工程固碳生态风险和减少CO₂排放到大气中的最佳选择。

Characteristics of Carbon Sequestration by Ecosystem and Progress in Its Research

Carbon sequestration is research hot for addressing climate change and global system change. In this paper, combined with the concept of carbon sequestration and carbon sink, we make a comparative analysis on various carbon sequestration pathways for carbon dioxide capture and sealing, impact factor of carbon sequestration, and ecosystem service function. The results indicate that carbon sequestration by terrestrial ecosystem is the most safe and effective process; terrestrial ecosystem carbon sequestration impact on human and ecosystem health is less than geological and ocean carbon sequestration; ocean carbon sequestration easily leads to ocean acidification and irreversible damage to marine ecosystem; as it is difficult to predict the crustal movement, the geological carbon sequestration exist many unpredictable risks. Therefore, the utility of natural capacity of carbon sequestration by ecosystem and the development of green carbon sequestration technologies is the best choice to reduce the ecological risks of artificial carbon sequestration and CO₂ emissions into the atmosphere.