气候变化对洪湖湿地的影响

气候变化影响着湿地生态系统。在全球气候变化的背景下，洪湖湿地区域气候也发生了明显变化。通过对洪湖周边4个站点1961~2004年的气象数据分析，从气象学和生态学的角度探讨了气候变化对洪湖湿地的影响。结果表明20世纪60年代以来，洪湖湿地区域气温有显著升高趋势，气温增加倾向率为0264℃/10 a；年降水量有微弱升高趋势，增加倾向率为49964 mm/10 a；降水量夏季和冬季有升高趋势，但是春季和秋季有减弱趋势。气候要素的综合变化使洪湖湿地区域湿润系数具有降低趋势。气候变化造成洪湖湿地面积萎缩、水位降低，同时造成了生物多样性降低和生物入侵，降水格局的变化改变了湿地水文状况，加剧了湿地的生态不稳定性。研究结果为湿地恢复重建和本区湿地生态安全提供了科学依据.

IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON HONGHU LAKE WETLANDS

The issue of climate change has impacts on wetlands ecosystem.On the ground of the globe climatic change,the climate of Honghu Lake zone has changed visibly.Through the analysis of weather data from 1961 to 2004 in four stations around Honghu Lake,the impacts of climate change on Honghu Lake wetlands were analyzed according to the point of aerography and ecology.The result showed that temperature has visible ascending trend with the rate of 0.264℃/10 a and precipitation has the tiny ascending trend with the rate of 49.964 mm/10 a.The precipitation has ascending trend in summer and in winter,but it has downtrend in spring and in autumn.The coefficient of humidity has downtrend in Honghu Lake zone since 1961.Climate change made Honghu Lake face threat that the water level will drop and the area will descend.It also made bio diversity descended and species invaded in Honghu Lake.The change of precipitation pattern changed the hydrology of wetlands,and accelerated the instability of the ecosystem