垃圾填埋场渗滤液有机物成分分析及蒸发处理研究

采用GC-MS对某垃圾填埋场渗滤液中的有机物成分进行检测分析。结果表明:渗滤液中至少含有50种有机污染物,相对含量最高的有机污染物是尼古丁和3-甲酚。研究真空度、蒸发温度和pH值对渗滤液蒸发过程中冷凝液的COD、TOC和氨氮浓度的影响,并对冷凝液进行有机物成分检测,结果表明:蒸发速率和冷凝液COD值均随蒸发温度和真空度的增加呈增加趋势,蒸发温度和真空度对冷凝液TOC值影响不大,随蒸发温度升高冷凝液中氨氮含量整体呈下降趋势;在蒸发温度60～120℃范围内,冷凝液的有机物成分以烷烃类有机物和尼古丁为主;烷烃类有机物的析出仅与蒸发温度有关,苯酚类有机物的析出与真空度和蒸发温度均有关;在酸性条件下蒸发冷凝液的COD值和TOC值均远大于在中性和碱性条件下的数值,但氨氮含量相反;酸性条件下冷凝液有机物成分主要为有机酸和烷烃类有机物。

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE ORGANIC COMPONENTS AND EVAPORATION TREATMENT OF LANDFILL LEACHATE

The organic components of leachate from a landfill are analyzed by gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).The results indicate that there are at least 50 kinds of organic pollutants in leachate,with nicotine and 3-methyl-phenol being the highest relative content.The effects of vacuum degree,evaporation temperature and pH on the concentration of chemical oxygen demand(COD),total organic carbon(TOC) and ammonia-nitrogen in condensate during the leachate evaporation process are investigated.And the organic components in condensate are also analyzed.The results show that the rate of evaporation and COD concentration in condensate tends to increase with the increase in the evaporation temperature and vacuum degree,which have little effect on TOC concentration in condensate.Ammonia-nitrogen concentration in condensate decreases as the evaporation temperature increases.Within the range of 60~120℃ the main organic components in condensate are alkanes and nicotine.The precipitation of alkanes only relates to the evaporation temperature,while the precipitation of phenol relates both to the vacuum degree and evaporation temperature.COD and TOC concentration in condensate at the acid condition is far higher than that at the neutral and alkaline conditions,while ammonia-nitrogen concentration reverses.The organic components in condensate at the acid condition are mainly organic acid and alkanes.