农村居民点多功能空间格局与协调性优化模式

随着城乡融合发展和农户需求的不断提高,探讨农村居民点多功能及其协调关系,是推进农村人居环境整治和乡村振兴的重要依据。以山东省王村镇为例,基于“识别—诊断—优化”的逻辑思路,从生活—生产—生态角度构建农村居民点多功能评价指标体系,利用空间自相关、协调度和障碍诊断等模型,剖析农村居民点多功能空间格局、协调关系及其障碍因子,进而提出农村居民点多功能提升与协调的优化模式。研究发现：（1）王村镇农村居民点总体上呈现出“生产功能较好,生活功能一般,生态功能较差”的特征,且不同功能具有显著的空间异质性;（2）王村镇农村居民点“三生”功能整体协调性相对较高,但协调类型存在明显的复杂性和不均衡性;（3）王村镇农村居民点“三生”功能协调性障碍因素表现为大体相似且个别村庄无障碍性,用地强度、交通条件、资源禀赋、基础设施建设和生态环境状况是农村居民点多功能高强度协调的主要障碍因素;（4）基于障碍因子组合提出的农村居民点多功能协调性优化模式,为可持续性乡村发展提供理论借鉴。

Spatial pattern and coordination optimization mode of multifunction of rural settlements

With the integration of urban and rural development and the increasing demand of rural households,it is important to improve rural living environments and implement the rural revitalization strategy for the coordination of multifunction of rural settlements.We selected Wangcun town of Shandong province as the study area.This paper,based on the"identification-diagnosis-optimization"logical thinking,builds an evaluation index system of multifunction of rural settlements from the perspective of living-production-ecological function,and uses the spatial auto-correlation,coordination degree and disorder diagnosis model to analyze the spatial pattern,coordination and obstacle factors of multifunction of rural settlements.Then it establishes a promotion and coordination optimization model of multifunction of rural settlements.The results show that:(1)The overall performance of the surveyed rural settlements in Wangcun town is good in production function,average in living function,but poor in ecological function.Different functions have significant spatial heterogeneity.(2)The overall coordination of living-production-ecological function of rural settlements in the town of Wang village is relatively high,but the coordination type is obviously complicated and unbalanced.(3)The living-production-ecological function coordination-obstacle factors of multifunction of rural settlements in Wangcun Town are generally similar and have no barriers in individual villages.Land use intensity,traffic conditions,resource endowment,infrastructure construction and ecological environment are the main obstacles to high-intensity coordination of multifunction of rural settlements.(4)Based on the combination of obstacle factors,the coordination optimization model of multifunction of rural settlements is proposed,which provides a theoretical reference for sustainable rural development.