黄土丘陵区不同植被恢复模式对沟谷地植物群落生物量和物种多样性的影响

对黄土丘陵区3个不同植被恢复模式沟谷地植被群落的生物量和物种多样性特征进行样方调查,统计分析了不同植被恢复模式沟谷地植物群落的盖度、生物量、物种多样性、植物种群相似系数。调查共记录植物82种,隶属32个科;其中,乔木植物5科,6种;灌木植物8科,11种。经过20 a左右的植被恢复重建,不同植被恢复模式沟谷地的植被群落均呈现良好演替趋势;人工植被柠条灌丛和刺槐林恢复模式对沟谷地草本层盖度和群落枯落物盖度及生物量方面作用效果较好;而天然草地对沟谷地草本层生物量方面作用效果较好;沟谷地物种多样性指数表现出人工植被恢复模式效果优于自然恢复,而且人工柠条灌丛植被恢复模式优于人工刺槐林植被恢复模式。柠条灌丛沟谷地不同坡位植物种群相似系数较高,而刺槐林沟谷地和天然草地沟谷地不同坡位植物种群相似系数略低;沟谷地的种群相似系数在沟坡上部略高于沟坡下部和沟底,东坡略高于西坡。人工植被建设可以促进黄土丘陵区沟谷地的植被恢复进程。论文建议在今后黄土丘陵区沟谷地人工植被建设过程中,需要加大乡土树种的引入、提高树种的多样性、合理树种的空间配置和注意灌/乔树种的比例。

The Influence of Plant Community Biomass and Species Diversity ofDifferent Vegetation Restoration Patterns in the Gully Area of the Hilly Loess Region

Vegetation restoration and reconstruction of the gully area is very important for controlling soil erosion and constructing ecological environment in the hilly loess region.In this study,we choose three different vegetation restoration patterns in gully areas locating in the typical hilly loess region of Ansai County,northern Shaanxi Province.They were Gully 1,Gully 2 and Gully 3,being the Robinia pseudoacacia forest vegetation restoration pattern(artificial arboreal forest),the Caragana korshinskii shrub v...