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The Monitoring and Risk Assessment of Zn Deposition Around a Metal Smelter in Latvia
Authors:Guntis Brūmelis  Dennis H. Brown  Olgerts Nikodemus  Didzis Tjarve
Affiliation:(1) Faculty of Biology, University of Latvia, Kronvalda blvd. 4, R"imacr"ga, LV 1842, Latvia;(2) School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Woodland Road, Bristol, BS8 1UG, U.K;(3) Faculty of Geography and Earth Sciences, University of Latvia, Alberta iela 4, R"imacr"ga, LV 1010
Abstract:Heavy metal concentrations in Hylocomium splendens collected around a metal smelter in Latvia showed very high concentrations of Zn (>200 mgrg/g), and elevated concentrations of Pb (38.3 mgrg/g) and Cu (18.3 mgrg/g). In an attempt to better evaluate the potential toxicity of the high Zn concentrations, a serial elution method was used to determine the concentrations of zinc in intercellular, extracellular exchangeable cell wall, intracellular, and particle fractions. The intercellular Zn concentrations represent the water soluble component of the total concentrations, and were low with no clear trends. Zn concentrations in the extra- and intracellular and particle fractions decreased exponentially from the pollutant source. Intracellular Zn concentrations in moss close to the emission source are within the range considered to be potentially toxic, from other single element exposure studies. The proportion of Zn in the relatively insoluble particle fraction, which is least associated with environmental risk, was greater closer to the pollution source, reaching > 30% in the oldest Hylocomium splendens segments.
Keywords:biomonitoring  deposition  metal smelter  moss  serial elution procedure
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