From concept to practice: Implementing cumulative impact assessment in New Zealand |
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Authors: | Jennifer Dixon Burrell E Montz |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Planning, Massey University, Private Bag 11 222, Palmerston North, New Zealand;(2) Department of Geological Sciences and Environmental Studies, Binghamton University, 13902-6000 Binghamton, New York, USA |
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Abstract: | In 1991, provisions for environmental impact assessment in New Zealand were changed significantly with the enactment of the
Resource Management Act. Among other provisions, this act requires consideration of cumulative impacts in environmental assessment
activities undertaken by planners in newly created regional authorities and district and city councils. The institutional
context in which the act is being implemented offers both opportunities and constraints to cumulative impact assessment. A
lack of methods for CIA is a recognized problem. However, methods that have been developed for environmental impact assessments
can be modified to incorporate second-, third-, and fourth-order impacts as well as to identify the direction and magnitude
of additive and synergistic impacts. Layered matrices and combined networks are examples of such methods. While they do not
allow for scientific prediction, they do provide the practitioner with the ability to consider the cumulative impacts of decisions.
This is crucial in New Zealand, where statutory requirements are ahead of established methodologies. |
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Keywords: | Cumulative impact assessment Methods Institutional context Resource management New Zealand |
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