可达性对资源枯竭城市经济转型发展成效的作用机制

对外交通联系是资源枯竭城市转型和可持续发展的主要因素。以我国69座资源枯竭城市为研究对象,使用日常可达性指数表征城市对外交通联系水平,利用工业替代产业产值反映经济转型发展程度,通过面板数据模型和地理探测器等方法分析可达性对城市经济转型发展成效的作用机制,揭示不同可达性水平下资源枯竭城市经济转型规律与特征。研究表明:我国资源枯竭城市可达性整体处于中等水平,可达性水平对资源枯竭城市工业替代产业规模与效率具有积极的正向作用,可达性通过影响民营经济、工业园区经济、固定资产投资和高技术产业等因素间接地推进或阻碍资源枯竭城市经济转型发展。鉴于此,各地结合可达性水平差异,适宜采取不同的转型模式和差别化的扶持政策。

The mechanism of accessibility on the economic transformation effect of China's resource-exhausted cities

External transport link is one of the main factors of the urban transformation and sustainable development toward the resource-exhausted cities. Taking 69 resource-exhausted cities as the object of study, this paper characterizes the urban external transport link level by daily accessibility indicator and employs the industrial substitution industry output value to reflect the economic transformation effects. In addition, the correlation analysis and geodetector and panel data model are utilized to address the relationship between accessibility and the effectiveness of urban economic transformation and to reveal the mechanism of accessibility on the economic transformation rules and characteristics of the resource-exhausted cities. The result shows that the overall accessibility level toward the 69 cities is medium and has a positive effect on the urban industrial substitution industry scale and efficiency development. The accessibility is one of the key factors affecting the alternative industries in these resource-exhausted cities. Furthermore accessibility can indirectly promote or hinder the development of resources city economy transformation by influencing the private economy, industrial park economy, fixed asset investment and high-tech industries and so on. Superior accessibility cities usually have stronger capacity for economic transformation and development. Moreover good accessibility will not only help the alternative industries to obtain necessary resources such as science and technology, intelligence, capital, labor force, market and information, but also create favorable conditions for regional industrial cooperation, industrial transfer and investment attraction to meet the internal needs of the alternative industries layout. On the contrary, the alternative industries with the lowest accessibility and far away from the economic center cities generally tend to have sluggish development, weak economic transformation and strong dependence on traditional resource-based industries. Meanwhile, the contribution of accessibility to the development pattern of economic transformation has been gradually strengthened. In view of this, the resource-exhausted cities in different regions are suitable to adopt different transformation models and differential support policies in combination with different levels of accessibility.