西洞庭湖湿地鸟类群落组成、多样性及保护对策

采用固定样带法和样点法对湖南西洞庭湖自然保护区的鸟类群落进行了研究，共纪录到217种，隶属16目46科117属，其中冬候鸟113种、旅鸟1种、留鸟60种、夏候鸟43种，分别占5207%、046%、2765%、1982%；古北界种类102种 (占4700 %)，东洋界种类 67种 (占3088%)，广布型种类 48种 (占2212 %)；国家Ⅰ级保护种类4种，国家Ⅱ级保护种类29种。鸟类群落多样性指数和均匀性指数分别为4886 5和0594 9。并分析其湿地鸟类的重要性和稀缺性，提出了相应的保护措施。

ON STRUCTURE, DIVERSITY AND PROTECTIVE STRATEGIES OF BIRD COMMUNITY IN WEST DONGTING LAKE WETLAND OF HUNAN PROVINCE

In order to study on bird community of West Dongting Lake Reserve in Hunan Province,the fixed sample-strip and sample-spot methods were adopted.It was showed that there were 217 species belonging to 117 genera,46 families,16 orders of birds in West Dongting Lake Reserve,of which there were 113 spe- cies of winter migrant(52.07% of the total),1 species of passing migrant(0.46% of the total),60 species of resident birds(27.65% of the total),and 43 species of summer migrant(19.82% of the total).Among them 102 species(47.00%)belonged to palaearctic species,67 species(30.88%)belonged to oriental spe- cies and 48 species(22.12%)were widespread.Among these 217 species 4 species are the first class pro- tected birds and 29 species are the second-class protected birds in China.The indexes of diversity and equal- ity in West Dongting Lake Reserve were 4.886 5 and 0.594 9,respectively.Besides,in this paper,the abun- dance,significance and scarcity of birds were also analyzed,and i the corresponding countermeasures in the process of exploitation and construction were pointed out.