The changes in common carp blood after short-term zinc exposure |
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Authors: | Email author" target="_blank">Malgorzata?WiteskaEmail author Barbara?Ko?ciuk |
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Institution: | Department of Animal Physiology, University of Podlasie, Prusa 12, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland. wites@ap.siedlce.pl |
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Abstract: | Blood zinc level, hematological parameters and blood cell morphology were evaluated in common carp immediately after 3 h exposure to 20 mg dm(-3) of zinc (Zn0), and in 24, 48 and 96 hours after the end of it (Zn24, Zn48, Zn96). Blood zinc level in the non-exposed fish was 8 mg dm(-3), reached a maximum of 20 mg dm(-3) in Zn48, while it dropped to 9 mg dm(-3) in Zn96. Zinc caused a stress reaction in fish indicated by an increase in hematocrit value in Zn0, and elevated plasma glucose level and trombocytosis which persisted until the end of the experiment. Zinc-exposed fish showed an increased frequency of abnormal erythrocytes, and a compensatory release of immature erythrocytes to the blood stream. In zinc-treated fish, leukocyte count initially increased and subsequently decreased significantly below the control level due to a drop in lymphocyte number. Lymphocyte viability was reduced, and abnormal lymphocytes appeared. A decreased count of juvenile neutrophiles, and reduced phagocyte activity also occurred. The results indicate possible zinc-induced disturbances in both specific and non-specific immune mechanisms. |
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Keywords: | Carp blood erythrocytes fish hematology leukocytes metal thrombocytes toxicity zinc exposure |
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