地铁浅埋岛式站台列车火灾烟气蔓延的数值模拟研究

地铁车站及地铁列车为人流密集的公众聚集场所,一旦发生火灾事故,伤亡损失往往非常惨重。地铁作为现代化的城市轨道交通工具,承担着越来越重要的大客流运输任务。因此,深入开展地铁火灾安全的研究有助于地铁安全管理工作。针对地铁浅埋岛式站台列车火灾情况,利用数值模拟-场模拟方法,研究浅埋岛式站点内烟气横向流动和不同站层间的烟气纵向蔓延规律。分析烟气在隧道、站台及站厅内蔓延时烟气温度、有毒气体浓度、可见度等特征参数的分布情况;探讨了火灾时浅埋岛式站点内有效的气流组织形式,隧道排烟系统的运行模式;该研究结论有助于同类型的地铁车站的设计和运营管理。

Numerical Simulation of Smoke Spread during Subway Train Fire in Shallow Embedded Island Platform

Subway platform and sub-train are densely populated venues,and casualty would be disastrous if fire happens in these places.As the rail traffic of modern cities,passenger flow of subway is becoming larger and larger,so it is of great importance for subway safety management to study sub-train fire.Using numerical field simulation,the train fire in shallow embedded island platform was studied;and horizontal spread of fire smoke on platform and vertical fire smoke movement on-between platform floors were discussed.The distribution of fire smoke temperature,concentration,and visibility was analyzed;and the airflow movement organization of the shallow embedded island platform during fire was studied.The conclusion is useful in the design and operational management of the subway station.