污染场地挥发性有机物蒸气入侵建筑物关键参数的研究

土壤/地下水中挥发性有机物（VOCs）经过迁移进入室内引起的呼吸吸入暴露，即蒸气入侵（vapor intrusion，VI）是VOCs影响人体健康的重要暴露途径。建筑物参数是影响VOCs从土壤向室内的迁移过程，改变室内人群暴露浓度的重要因素之一。通过系统梳理英美等发达国家暴露风险评估中建筑物参数的技术文件，总结了影响VI的3个关键参数（空气交换速率、建筑容积和地基裂隙）的确定方法，并对比我国暴露风险评估中建筑物参数的研究现状，从重视跨部门基础数据收集、构建分区域本土化参数等方面提出完善建筑物参数及其技术方法的思路。

Research on key building parameters affecting the vapor intrusion of VOCs in contaminated sites

Inhalation exposure caused by vapor intrusion (VI) with the migration of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from soil and groundwater into the indoor environment is essential to the human health risk assessment of VOCs in contaminated sites. Building parameters are important factors that affect the VOCs migration from the contaminated soil to indoor air and change the indoor concentration for population exposure. The technical documents of building parameters for exposure risk assessment in developed countries such as the UK and the US were elaborated systematically, and the determination methods of three key parameters affecting VI, namely, air exchange rate, building volume and foundation crack, were summarized. Furthermore, the research development of building parameters in China’s exposure risk assessment was illustrated, and the idea of improving building parameters and their technical methods were put forward, from the aspects of collecting cross-sectoral basic data and constructing regional localization parameters, to provide technical support for the refined exposure risks assessment in VOCs contaminated sites in China.