生态环境准入清单编制实践应用与探讨—以湖南省为例

生态环境准入清单源于“三线”划定管控成果的集成，是具体到每个环境管控单元落实底线思维和生态环境保护硬约束落地的重要出口。生态环境准入清单如何在实际环境管理工作中做到能用、适用、管用，值得深思和探讨。湖南省以园区管控单元为特色，在全国率先发布并全面实施生态环境准入清单体系。以湖南省为例，系统阐述生态环境准入清单编制原则、技术思路与清单实践的特点和落地应用实效，总结问题，提出优化生态环境准入清单的思考与建议：1）明确“三线一单”的法律地位和层级定位，找准功能定位，形成由多部门协同推动的态势；2）强化生态环境准入清单的目标支撑作用，保证科学适用；3）规范生态环境准入清单形式，协同多要素管控；4）引入配套机制，指导“三线一单”的动态更新。

Practical application and discussion on the compilation of ecological environment permits list: a case study in Hunan Province

List of ecological environment permits originates from the integration of Three Lines delineation management and control results, which is a significant export for each environmental control unit to implement the bottom-line thinking and the hard constraints on ecological environment protection. It is worth pondering and discussing how the ecological environment permits list can be used, applicable and effective in the actual environmental management. With the characteristics of industrial park management control units, the ecological environment permits list system of Hunan Province is among the first to be issued and fully implemented in China. Taking the achievements of Hunan Province as an example, the compilation principles, technical ideas, characteristics of practice and application effect of the environmental permits list were systematically expounded. By summing up the problems, some thoughts and suggestions on optimizing the ecological environment permits list were put forward, including 1) to clarify the legal status and hierarchical positioning of Three Lines One Permit (TLOP), find out the functional positioning, and form a situation of multi-department coordinative promotion; 2) to strengthen the target support function of the ecological environment permits list and ensure its scientific application; 3) to standardize the form of ecological environmental permit list and coordinate multi-factor management control; and 4) to introduce supporting mechanism and guide the dynamic update of TLOP.