江苏省8个沿海造林树种的耐盐性评价研究

以江苏省盐城市大丰区沿海地区为研究区域，选择中山杉（Taxodium 'Zhongshanshan'）、白榆（Ulmus pumila）、落羽杉（Taxodium distichum）、榔榆（Ulmus parvifolia）、乌桕（Triadica sebifera）、青皮柳（Salix ohsidare）、构树（Broussonetia papyrifera）和苦楝（Melia azedarach）8个造林树种，研究不同树种造林地土壤含盐量及其与树木成活率、胸径和树高生长量的关系，并对8个树种的耐盐性进行隶属函数法综合评价，以进一步研究江苏沿海地区典型树种的耐盐性。结果表明，48个调查样地土壤含盐量为0.4~11.9 mg/g；不同样地之间的土壤含盐量差异较大；土壤含盐量较高的样地具有典型的盐分表聚现象；8个树种的成活率、胸径和树高年生长量与土壤含盐量均呈负相关。8个造林树种的耐盐性评价结果显示，其耐盐能力表现为白榆>苦楝>落羽杉>乌桕>榔榆>中山杉>青皮柳>构树。其中，白榆和苦楝可耐受6 mg/g的土壤含盐量；落羽杉、乌桕、榔榆和中山杉可耐受4 mg/g的土壤含盐量；青皮柳和构树只能耐受3 mg/g的土壤含盐量。白榆和苦楝可在含盐量较高的沿海地区造林，落羽杉、乌桕、榔榆和中山杉可在含盐量中等的沿海地区造林，青皮柳和构树只能在含盐量较低的沿海地区造林。

Evaluation of salt tolerance of eight coastal afforestation species in Jiangsu Province

In order to understand the salt tolerance of typical tree species in the coastal areas of Jiangsu Province, the coastal area of Dafeng District, Yancheng City was chosen as the research area, and eight afforestation tree species such as Taxodium 'Zhongshanshan', Ulmus pumila, Taxodium distichum, Ulmus parvifolia, Triadica sebifera, Salix ohsidare, Broussonetia papyrifera and Melia azedarach were chosen as the study objects. The soil salt content and its relationship with the survival rate, and the annual growth of diameter at breast height (DBH) and height of trees in different afforestation sites were studied. The comprehensive evaluation of the salt tolerance of each tree species was carried out by using the membership function analysis method. The results showed that the soil salt content of forty-eight sample plots ranged from 0.4 to 11.9 mg/g, and there were significant differences among different plots. At the sample plots with high soil salt content, the salt content of the upper soil was generally higher than that of the subsoil, which showed a typical salt accumulation in the topsoil. The survival rate, DBH and height of the eight tree species were negatively correlated with the soil salt content. According to the evaluation results of salt tolerance of eight tree species, the salt tolerance of eight tree species was as follows: Ulmus pumila > Melia azedarach > Taxodium distichum > Triadica sebifera > Ulmus parvifolia > Taxodium 'Zhongshanshan' > Salix ohsidare > Broussonetia papyrifera. Ulmus pumila and Melia azedarach could tolerate about 6 mg/g of the soil salt content; Taxodium distichum, Triadica sebifera, Ulmus parvifolia and Taxodium 'Zhongshanshan' could tolerate about 4 mg/g of the soil salt content; and Salix ohsidare and Broussonetia papyrifera could only tolerate about 3 mg/g of the soil salt content. Therefore, Ulmus pumila and Melia azedarach could be planted in coastal areas with high salt content, while Taxodium distichum, Triadica sebifera, Ulmus parvifolia and Taxodium 'Zhongshanshan' could be planted in coastal areas with medium salt content, and Salix ohsidare and Broussonetia papyrifera could only be planted in coastal areas with low salt content.