退化过程中翅碱蓬湿地营养元素变化特征研究

在双台子河口选取4块样地,分别代表恢复中、长势良好、退化严重的翅碱蓬湿地和裸露的光滩,于2009年6月、2009年9月、2010年4月(代表夏季,秋季,春季)分别采集表层土壤与植物样品。通过对翅碱蓬生物量、N、P、有机质含量及土壤N、P、有机质含量的测定,分析了翅碱蓬湿地退化过程中土壤及植物营养元素的变化规律。结果表明:春季各种类型翅碱蓬湿地土壤的有机质(分别为1.88%、1.89%、1.19%、1.13%)和总磷(分别为496.30、498.75、435.97、404.57 mg/kg)含量顺序为:长势良好≈光滩>退化中>恢复中,同该类型湿地的演替顺序一致,说明湿地的退化导致土壤C、P素大量损失。翅碱蓬湿地的退化引起翅碱蓬植株生长状态的变化,导致同一种湿地植物植株中N、P、有机质含量在不同退化类型湿地中的分布存在明显差异,说明湿地的退化,已经明显的影响到N、P、有机质的生物地球化学循环。

Changing Characteristics of Nutrients in Different Suaeda heteroptera Wetlands

In June 2009,September 2009 and April 2010 representing summer,autumn and spring,4 kinds of Suaeda heteroptera wetland plots including flourishing,degenerating,manual resumptive Suaeda heteroptera wetland and mudflat in Shuangtaizi Estuary were selected to collect soil and plant samples,aimed to understand the change law of nutritive element in soil and plant following the degenerating of Suaeda heteroptera wetland through determination of the biomass,plant height,N,P,organic matter contents of Suaeda heteroptera as well as N,P,organic matter contents of soil.Results showed that in spring,the order of magnitude of organic matter(1.88%,1.89%,1.19% and 1.13%),P(496.30 mg/kg,498.75 mg/kg,435.97 mg/kg and 404.57 mg/kg) contents in soil of different types of Suaeda heteroptera wetlands was ranked as flourishing,mudflat,degenerating,manual resumptive Suaeda heteroptera wetland,it consisted with Suaeda heteroptera wetland succession order,which indicated that the degradation of wetlands led to significant loss of C,P in soil.The degeneration of Suaeda heteroptera wetland caused the change of Suaeda heteroptera plants growth and led to significant difference of N,P,and organic matter distribution in plant among different types of Suaeda heteroptera wetlands,which indicated that the degeneration of wetland has affected significantly to the biogeochemical cycling of N,P and organic matter.