植物-固体菌剂联合修复石油污染土壤的基础研究

以高效石油降解菌N2、KB为目的菌种，玉米粉、麸皮和锯末为载体制备固体菌剂，并测定了这3种载体的饱和持水量、pH值和吸菌量。以吸菌量为评价指标，结合经济性综合选择最优载体，同时还考察了温度、pH值和料水比对最优载体吸菌量的影响。通过测定微生物数量和石油降解率的变化，考察了植物微生物联合修复效果。结果表明，与玉米粉和麸皮相比，锯末饱和持水量更大、吸菌量较大。锯末是木材厂的下脚料，可以实现高价值资源化利用。在温度30℃，pH为7，料水比1：1.5的最适培养条件下，固体菌剂中N2和KB两种细菌的活菌数量分别高达1.00×109CFU·g-1和1.58×109 CFU·g-1。采用生物菌剂和柳枝稷对石油污染土壤进行植物-微生物联合修复实验，100 d后石油降解率可达到50.5%。

Basic research for plant and solid bacterial agent to remediate oil-contaminated soil

In this study, we tested corn flour, wheat bran, and sawdust as alternative solid carriers for N2 and KB bacteria. To this end, we evaluated the influence of temperature, pH, and the material to water ratio on the capacity of the carrier to absorb bacteria. The latter and the material's cost were considered when choosing the optimal carrier. Moreover, plant-microbial remediation was studied by quantifying microbial abundance and oil removal rate. Results showed that saturated water content in sawdust was higher than that in either corn flour or wheat bran. Thus, sawdust was chosen as the optimal carrier because of its large bacterial uptake and origin as timber waste. Under optimal conditions of 30℃, pH 7, and a material to water ratio of 1:1.5, N2 and KB solid inoculants reached 1.00×109 CFU·g-1 and 1.58×109 CFU·g-1, respectively. The ensuing petroleum removal rate was 50.5% after 100 days.