膨润土复合颗粒与SRB协同处理酸性矿山废水

针对酸性矿山废水（AMD）pH低、重金属含量大、处理难等问题，采用膨润土-钢渣复合颗粒吸附剂、塑料雪花片和碎石作为填料，经生活污水、鸡粪、锯末发酵液驯化的硫酸盐还原菌（SRB）优势菌悬液对填料进行挂膜，构造三组动态柱：I#动态柱采用分层填装方式、II#动态柱采用混合填装方式、III#动态柱为只含有微生物的动态柱。研究其对Fe2+、Mn2+、Cu2+、Zn2+、SO42-和H+的去除效果，并研究分层的动态柱的再生效果、揭示机理。结果表明：膨润土-钢渣复合颗粒与微生物填料分层填装的方式更利于处理酸性矿山废水（AMD），该动态柱40 d时对Fe2+、Mn2+、Cu2+和Zn2+的去除率均能达到95%以上，对SO42-的去除效果好于其他两个动态柱，且出水pH为中性，同时SRB还原SO42-生成的S2-/H2S可以使重金属离子固定、饱和吸附剂再生。说明膨润土复合颗粒与SRB协同处理酸性矿山废水具有创新高效性，值得推广使用。

Treatment of acid mine drainage by bentonite composite particles cooperate with SRB

In order to address problems of low pH, high concentrations of heavy metal ions, and treatment difficulties associated with acid mine drainage (AMD), dynamic column models were constructed from bentonite-steel slag composite granular adsorbent, plastic snowflakes and gravel as filler; and SRB (sulfate-reducing bacteria) which tamed by sewage, chicken feces and saw dust ferment as film for the filler. Column model 1 was layered by filler; model 2 was mixed by filler; model 3 only contained microorganism as a contrast. Specifically, this study investigated the removal efficiencies of the three dynamic columns for Fe2+, Mn2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, SO42-, and H+, and the regeneration efficiency of column model 1. At the same time, the mechanism was revealed. The experimental results showed that layered packing of bentonite-steel slag composite granular and microorganism was beneficial for treating acid mine drainage (AMD). At 40 days, column model 1 achieved removal efficiencies of more than 95% for Fe2+, Mn2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+ and that for SO42- was better than models 2 and 3. It was found that pH was neutral. S2-/H2S, which is generated through SRB's reduction for SO42-, could fix the heavy metal ions and make the saturated adsorbent regenerate. The experimental results demonstrate that the combination of bentonite granular composite and SRB provide a novel and promising method for the efficient treatment of AMD.