3种纳米材料对低分子质量有机酸淋洗铅、锌和镉效率的影响

新型高效淋洗剂的筛选是土壤重金属淋洗修复技术的基础之一。通过振荡淋洗法研究了纳米二氧化钛（TiO2）、碳纳米管（C）和纳米二氧化硅（SiO2）与柠檬酸和酒石酸组合改性后对2种铅锌矿区土壤的淋洗效率。结果表明，单一柠檬酸对土壤Pb、Zn和Cd去除率最高为71.28%、61.09%、57.40%，而单一纳米材料对3种重金属去除率均小于2%；2种有机酸与纳米材料改性后的重金属淋洗率与单独淋洗差异显著（P2浓度升高，2种有机酸对2种土壤中Pb的去除率显著降低（P2能够明显提升2种有机酸对土壤Pb、Zn和Cd的去除率（P2分别在0.04 mol·L-1和0.10 mol·L-1时提高柠檬酸对3种金属的去除率达13.1%~25.1%和13.5%~26.8%。

Effect of Pb,Zn and Cd removal efficiencies from contaminated soil by low molecular weight organic acid and three kinds of nanomaterials

Screening of new efficient leaching agents is a key process of soil heavy-metal-washing technology.Studies on citric acid and tartaric acid,and their mixed solutions with three nanomaterials,respectively,were conducted to investigate the Pb,Zn,and Cd removal efficiencies from two contaminated soil samples under different concentrations.The removal efficiencies of Pb,Zn,and Cd from the contaminated soil samples by citric acid reached 71.28%,61.09%,and 57.40%.However,their removal efficiencies by titanium dioxide,carbon nanotube,or silicon oxide nanomaterials were less than 2%.The differences between the removal efficiencies for the citric acid or tartaric acid and their mixed solutions with each nanomaterial varied significantly (PP-1 for carbon nanotubes and 0.10 mol·L-1 for silicon oxide,respectively.