村镇生活垃圾静态浸出污染物的溶出规律研究

选取我国东、中、西部3个地区的6个典型村镇的生活垃圾，在模拟静态浸泡的环境下，测定了在液固比20∶1浸泡时，污染物中COD、BOD5、TP、TN和NH3-N溶出规律。实验结果显示，浸泡液pH值随浸泡时间的增加总体呈现先降低后升高最后在7.4~7.8之间小幅度波动。COD和BOD5均随浸泡时间增加而升高，随后由迅速下降到缓慢下降直至趋于稳定。TP和TN浓度的总体变化均表现为先升高后降低、最后趋于稳定。浸泡液中NH3-N浓度波动较大，在第1周至第4周持续升高，并在第4周达到最高值，第5周达到最低值，第5~10周又逐渐升高。3个地区的村镇垃圾浸泡污染物浓度变化趋势基本相一致，有机质含量对溶出物变化趋势有一定影响。

Study on leaching law of pollutants in static immersion from typical domestic solid waste in rural areas

To study the leaching law of domestic solid waste in rural areas through COD, BOD5, TP, TN, and NH3-N under the condition of static immersion simulation, domestic solid waste from six typical villages and towns in the east, midland, and west regions of China was analyzed for leaching concentrations of five pollutants when the waste samples were immersed in a liquid-solid ratio of 20:1. The results showed that the pH value of the leaching solution decreased at first, increased subsequently, then finally fluctuated within the narrow range of 7.4 to 7.8. As the immersion time passed, the concentration changes of COD and BOD5 were divided into four phases:increased, decreased sharply, decreased smoothly, and stable. The concentrations of TN and TP decreased after an initial increase, and then finally remained relatively stable. The concentration of the NH3-N fluctuated greatly, with an increase from the first week to a maximum amount in the fourth week, then to a minimum amount in the fifth week, with a gradual increase from the fifth week to the tenth week. The variation of concentrations in domestic solid waste leaching pollutants from the three different rural regions was basically consistent, and the organic content had a certain effect on the variation in leaching pollutant concentrations.