蔬菜废弃物混合堆肥过程中百菌清和都尔的降解规律

以蔬菜废弃物为原料，研究了杀菌剂百菌清和除草剂都尔在堆肥过程中的降解特征。结果表明，高温好氧堆肥处理可有效去除蔬菜废弃物中残留的百菌清及都尔。堆肥过程中，百菌清的降解规律符合一级动力学模型，在50℃条件下，其半衰期为1.10 h；都尔降解速率较为缓慢，经15 d，其降解率为94%（c0=10 mg·kg-1）。都尔、百菌清及其降解产物对堆肥系统中的微生物具有抑制作用，在添加量为10~105 mg·kg-1时，微生物活性抑制明显，堆肥周期延长。

Degradation of chlorothalonil and metolachlor in vegetable waste co-composting

The degradation characteristics of the bactericide chlorothalonil and herbicide metolachlor in vegetable waste composting process were studied. The results revealed that chlorothalonil and metolachlor were effectively removed during high temperature aerobic composting of vegetables waste. During the composting process, the degradation mechanism of chlorothalonil was in accordance with the first order kinetic model with a half-life of 1.10 h at 50℃. However, the degradation of metolachlor was slow. About 94% of the initial concentration (10 mg·kg-1) of metolachlor was removed after 15 days of composting treatment. Chlorothalonil, metolachlor, and their degradation products had inhibitory effects on microorganisms in the composting system. The addition of 10 to 105 mg·kg-1 chlorothalonil or metolachlor inhibited the microbial activity that in turn prolonged the composting period.