竹粉含量对竹浆造纸白泥/聚氯乙烯复合材料性能的影响

以竹粉、竹浆造纸白泥和聚氯乙烯为原料，采用铝酸酯偶联剂对竹粉和竹浆造纸白泥进行改性处理，通过热压成型技术制备竹浆造纸白泥/聚氯乙烯复合材料，研究竹粉含量对复合材料密度、力学性能、尺寸稳定性和阻燃性能的影响，并通过XRD、扫描电镜和红外光谱对竹浆造纸白泥进行表征。结果表明：偶联剂与竹浆造纸白泥产生了化学作用；竹粉含量在一定范围内时，对复合材料的力学性能具有一定的增强效果，但其尺寸稳定性能和阻燃性能随竹粉含量的增加而下降；当竹粉含量为10%时，复合材料的密度为1.03 g·cm-3，拉伸强度为4.84 MPa，拉伸断裂伸长率为2.84%，弯曲强度11.83 MPa，弯曲模量为8 883.33 MPa，24 h TS为1.65%，24 h WA为5.16%，氧指数为38.6%，其综合性能较优，其中氧指数达到国家建筑材料阻燃等级B1级的要求。

Effect of bamboo powder content on properties of bamboo paper lime mud/polyvinyl chloride composites

Bamboo paper lime mud/polyvinyl chloride (PVC) composites were prepared using a hot press molding technology with bamboo powder, bamboo paper lime mud, and polyvinyl chloride as the major raw materials, and an aluminate-coupling agent was selected to modify the surface of the bamboo paper lime mud and the bamboo powder. The effects of bamboo powder content on the density, mechanical properties, dimensional stability properties, and fire-retardant property of the composites were investigated. In addition, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to characterize the bamboo paper lime mud. The results showed that a cross-linking reaction occurred between the coupling agent and the bamboo paper lime mud. The bamboo powder reinforced the mechanical performance within certain filling ranges. However, the dimensional stability and fire-retardant performance of the composites decreased with an increase in the bamboo powder content. When the bamboo powder content was 10%, the density, tensile strength, elongation break, bending strength, bending modulus, 24 h thickness swelling, 24 h water absorption, and oxygen index of the composites were 1.03 g·cm-3, 4.84 MPa, 2.84%, 11.83 MPa, 8 883.33 MPa, 1.65%, 5.16%, and 38.6%, respectively. Its comprehensive properties were generally better, and the oxygen index achieved the requirements of flame retardant B1 for state building materials.