秦岭山区尾矿库环境防护距离研究

尾矿库对其周边居民的环境影响目前已受到较大关注,如何对尾矿库环境防护距离进行确定是目前尾矿库建设项目环境影响评价的重点.基于大气环境防护距离、溃坝环境防护距离的基本原理,选取扬尘影响、溃坝事故影响这两种主要影响,计算对比出了秦岭山区尾矿库的环境防护距离.通过与以前使用的《一般工业固体废物贮存、处置场污染控制标准》(GB18599—2001)规定的防护距离进行比较,结果表明:1以前使用的《一般工业固体废物贮存、处置场污染控制标准》(GB18599—2001)中规定的环境防护距离明显过小,不能满足保证尾矿库周边居民的生命及财产安全的要求;2尾矿库溃坝事故影响为尾矿库环境防护距离确定的决定性因子.

Study on Environment Protection Distance of Tailing Pond in the Qinling Mountains

The problem that tailing pond brings great impact on the environment nearby has drawn more and more attention recently. How to determine the environment protection distance of tailing pond is the key point to the environmental impact assessment of tailing pond construction project. Based on the basic principles of atmospheric environment protection distance and that of dam-break, this paper selects the influence of dust and dam-break accidence to calculate the environment protection distance of tailing pond in Qinling Mountains. According to the comparison with Pollution Control Standard for the Storage and Disposal of General Industrial Solid Waste （GB18599--2001） , the results show as follows： （i） The environment protection distance which is determined by the former Pollution Control Standard is too narrow to guarantee the life and property safety of the residents living around the tailing pond. （ii） The influence of dam break accidences is the decisive factor to determine the environment protection distance of tailing pond.