一株对硫磷降解菌的诱变复壮研究

从长期施用对硫磷的土壤中筛选分离出1株能以对硫磷为唯一C源的菌株D10,研究微生物对有机磷农药的降解作用.鉴定表明,D10为不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter sp.)微生物,该菌株对农药对硫磷的最大耐受质量浓度为1 800 mg/L,但D10对农药对硫磷的降解率仅为25%.本文通过D10诱变复壮试验提高对硫磷降解率,结果表明,经紫外线(18 W)辐照10 s后,D10对农药对硫磷降解率提高至49.1%; 用0.8%盐酸羟胺溶液振荡处理30 min后,降解率为69.6%; 用60%土壤浸出液振荡培养48 h后,降解率为53.9%.对D10进行上述条件下的复合诱变,对硫磷降解率可达到82.8%.高效降解菌的选育为提高微生物对农药的降解奠定了基础.此外,通过改进有机磷农药萃取的前处理方法,使紫外分光光度法检测简便、精确,与气相色谱法检测结果拟合较好,具有一定实用价值.

Study on the mutation and rejuvenation of a parathion-degrading bacterium

This paper is aimed to introduce an improved method through mutation and rejuvenation of D10 in hoping to study the microbial degradation of organic pesticides. In doing so,we have screened a strain of D10 parathion-degrading bacterium by selective enrichment culture from pesticide-contaminated soil,which could be used by D10 as the sole source of carbon,and in turn the bacterium has been identified as Acinetobacter sp. by the CAS microbial institute. Although the maximum tolerant mass concentration of para...