论中国对固体废物污染转移的法律控制

固体废物越境转移是一个国际关注的问题。由于对废物全部无害化处理成本太昂贵,发达国家往往为保护本国环境而向境外转移倾倒。接受固体废物的发展中国家往往沦为被转移国的垃圾场。对此,国际社会以及中国政府都给予了高度关注。目前,中国控制固体废物越境污染转移的法律制度主要建立在《固体废物污染环境防治法》上,大致包括：固体废物的进口管理制度、固体废物处置配套制度、法律责任制度以及救济制度等。但是,现行制度仍然存在缺陷,如调整范围过窄;配套法律制度非常欠缺,缺乏固体废物标准体系;救济方式不足;责任限制不够严厉等。这些不足需要立法进一步完善。

On the Legal Control to Pollution Transfer of the Solid Waste

The cross - boundary transfer of the solid waste is a focus of international society. In view of high cost to handle waste, the developed countries often transfer waste to other countries. The countries accepted waste became crematory of above countries transferring waste. As to the problem, international society and China government gave a high concern. Currently, the legal system of China controlling pollution transfer of the solid waste mainly based on the solid waste pollution prevention law, which included import control system of solid waste, disposition and related measures system of solid waste, legal responsibility system and legal redress system, etc. However, we still can find some problems in that, for instance, narrow scope, lack of related measures, lack of standard system of solid waste , suppleness of redress and loose of limitation of liability, etc. These problems can not be resolved without an improvement of legislation.