工频电磁场对公众健康及风险感受影响调查

为调查工频电磁场对附近居民健康及风险感受的影响,对16条已投运110~500kV输电线两侧居民(n=615)开展问卷调查,根据输电线运行参数计算工频电磁场相对曝露强度,分析了工频电磁场对距线路中心50m内、外受调查者产生的健康影响差异,以及不同工频电磁场曝露强度、电压等级、塔型附近受调查者风险感受和负面情绪的均值差异,并通过多元线性逐步回归分析分别建立了工频电磁场公众风险感受、负面情绪与影响因素之间的最优回归模型.结果表明,工频电磁场对50m内和50m外受调查者产生健康影响的相对风险值为0.87;在本次调查的工频电磁场范围内(E<0.35kV/m,B<0.80 μT),公众风险感受和负面情绪受工频电磁场曝露强度影响很小,受输电线架线塔外观大小、塔型、既有身体状况等因素影响显著.

Influencial investigation of power-frequency electromagnetic fields on public health and risk perception

To investigate the public health, risk perception (RP) and negative feeling (NF) effects of power frequency electromagnetic fields (PF-EMF), a survey was conducted among 615 residents near 16 operating 110~500kV high-voltage transmission lines (HVTLs). Relative exposure intensity of PF-EMF was calculated by running parameters of HVTLs. The differences of health effects between respondents inside 50m and outside 50m from the center of HVTLs were analyzed, as well as the mean difference of RP and NF of respondents near HVTLs with different exposure intensity of PF-EMF, voltage level and types of tower. Optimal regression models were established through multiple linear stepwise regression analysis to estimate RP of and NF to PF-EMF. Results showed that the health effects of PF-EMF had a relative risk of 0.87 for respondents inside 50m compared with outside 50m from the center of HVTLs. In the scope of PF-EMF of this survey, i.e., E<0.35kV/m and B<0.80 μT, the public RP and NF were slightly influenced by PF-EMF exposure intensity, while greatly influenced by size of HVTLs, types of tower, health status and etc.