Effect of host and larval frass volatiles on behavioural response of the old house borer,Hylotrupes bajulus (L.) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), in a wind tunnel bioassay |
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Authors: | Regina Fettköther Gadi V P Reddy Uwe Noldt Konrad Dettner |
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Institution: | 1.Lehrstuhl für Tier?kologie II, Universit?t Bayreuth, Postfach 101251, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany, e-mail: k.dettner@uni-bayreuth.de,DE;2.Bundesforschungsanstalt für Forst- und Holzwirtschaft, Institut für Holzbiologie und Holzschutz, D-21027 Hamburg, Germany,DE |
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Abstract: | Summary. In a wind tunnel bioassay the effect of three concentrations of natural extracts of (1) Scots pine wood, Pinus sylvestris, and (2) larval frass on the behavioural response of unmated females and males of the old house borer, Hylotrupes bajulus, was tested and compared to the behavioural effects of the male-produced sex pheromone (3R)-3-hydroxy-2-hexanone. The influence on the behaviour of both sexes was found to be equally significant for the two higher
concentrated hexane extracts of wood and larval frass. Therefore several synthetic monoterpenes present in the extracts and
ethanol were tested at the two higher concentrations (1:100, 1:1000 vol/vol). Among the higher concentrated monoterpenoid
hydrocarbons (+)-α-pinene, (+)-β-pinene, (+)-limonene], only α-pinene increased the activity, orientation towards scent source and interest towards conspecifics. The tests with higher
concentrated ethanol and the oxygenated monoterpenes (-)-verbenone, (-)-trans-pinocarveol, (+)-terpinen-4-ol, (+)-α-terpineol, (-)-myrtenol] revealed that verbenone is the most effective stimulant for the females, followed by trans-pinocarveol, terpinen-4-ol and α-terpineol. For males, terpinen-4-ol was the only mediator significantly inducing attraction and orientation towards the scent
source combined with an interest in conspecifics apparent by fighting or courtship behaviour. Males did not respond to verbenone
which is a main compound of larval frass. Myrtenol and ethanol were ineffective in both sexes. In fact behavioural observations
suggest that the beetles were repelled by the high dose of myrtenol. Using the ten-fold lower dose of the synthetic monoterpenes
(1:1000 vol/vol), all semiochemicals except myrtenol lost activity. Myrtenol, however, induced behavioural responses, like
increased activity and orientation towards scent source, only at the low concentration. Based on the results, primary attraction
of unmated old house borer is probably mediated by monoterpenes of coniferous wood, while secondary attraction to infested
wood would occur in response to volatiles of larval frass.
Received 5 May 1999; accepted 30 September 1999 |
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Keywords: | ,Hylotrupes bajulus, Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, primary and secondary attraction, pheromone, host volatiles, monoterpenes,,,,,,dose-response dependency, |
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