不同生态经济类型区生态农业模式与技术研究

开展区域生态农业建设，是推进农业结构战略性调整，加速农业由资源数量型向技术效益型转化，实现农业可持续发展的必然选择。根据湖南省近10年生态农业研究成果与实践经验，针对全省不同生态经济类型区的自然资源特点和社会经济发展水平，系统研究阐明了山地“林-药-果”、丘陵“草-粮-牧”、岗地“果-粮-猪”、平湖“粮-经-牧-渔”、水域“水生经济作物-水禽-水产”共生、蓄洪垸“林-草-牧-渔”、庭园“猪-沼-果”、城郊(或旅游区)“农业观光园”等区域生态农业实用模式的建设重点与技术要点，并实例分析了推广应用上述高效生态农业模式所产生的经济、生态与社会效益。

PRACTICAL PATTERNS AND TECHNIQUES FOR ECO-AGRICULTURAL CONSTRUCTION IN THE VARIOUS ECO-ECONOMIC ZONES

Regional eco-agricultural construction is necessary for promoting the strategically agricultural structure adjustment,accelerating the shift of resources and quantity-based farming to technology and economic benefit-oriented farming,and realizing sustainable development agriculture.Based on the achievements of eco-agricultural research and the practical experience in the past decade in Hunan Province,the key techniques and construction emphased on the regional eco-agricultural practical patterns were systematically studied and defined in terms of characteristics of natural resources and status of socioeconomic development in the various eco-economic zones in the province,such as tree-herbal medicine-fruit in mountains,grass-grain-livestock in hilly regions,fruit-grain-pig in lower hills,grain-cash crop-livestock-fish in the plain and lake regions,aquatic cash plant-waterfowl-aquatic product in the surface water bodies,tree-grass-livestock-fish in flood buffer areas,pig-methane-fruit in the farmyard and agricultural tour zone in suburb.The case study was conducted to analyze the economic,ecological and social benefits from the extension of the recommended eco-agricultural patterns.