西北太平洋柔鱼渔场台风时空变化及其对柔鱼产量的影响分析

随着渔业资源与渔场学研究的深入和西北太平洋柔鱼资源开发利用及渔场环境监测的需要，开展台风等极端天气下柔鱼资源与环境关系的研究，对西北太平洋柔鱼资源评估与渔场预报工作可起有益的补充作用。根据2001~2014年中国气象局热带气旋最佳路径资料和西北太平洋柔鱼渔场渔获数据，分析了14 a间影响西北太平洋柔鱼渔场台风活动特征及其对柔鱼产量的影响，得到以下结果:共记录了83次台风，热带风暴33次、强热带风暴40次和台风10次。年均台风数量为5.93±1.73次，台风高发月份为8~10月。台风生命期越长，对单位捕捞努力量渔获量（catch per unit effort，CPUE）的影响越大，生命期大于48 h的台风消亡后2~7 d CPUE呈大幅增长。TY（typhoon）级别强度台风对CPUE的影响最大，随TY临近渔场，CPUE迅速减少，TY消亡后2~7 d CPUE呈大幅增长。研究结果对西北太平洋渔业生产安全的预报及柔鱼资源的有效利用将产生有益的影响。

Analysis of temporal and spatial variation of typhoons in the squid fishing ground in the northwest pacific ocean and its influence on the catch of Ommastrephes Bartramii

The best track data of tropical cyclones over 14 years period from 2001 to 2014 obtained from China Meteorological Administration and squid production data were used to make an analysis on the temporal and spatial distribution of typhoons which have impact in the squid fishing ground, and its influence on the catch of Ommastrephes bartramii in the squid fishing ground in the Northwest Pacific Ocean.The result suggests that 83 typhoons were recorded during this period, among which were 33 Tropical Storms, 40 Strong Tropical Storms and 10 typhoons.The annual average number of typhoon was 5.93±1.73 ind.High incidence active month of typhoon in this area was between August and October.The longer of lifespan of typhoons, the more impact of catch per unit effort (CPUE).CPUE increased greatly within 2 to 7 days after typhoon extincted, which lifespan was over 48 hours.The intensity of Typhoons impacts CPUE heaviest.CPUE rapidly reduced before typhoon reaching fishing ground and then sharp increased within 2 to 7 days after typhoon extincted.The results of the analysis will have beneficial influence on the forecast and service of typhoon in the squid fishing ground in the Northwest Pacific Ocean and the work of typhoon prevention and disaster reduction.