基于基尼系数的化学需氧量排放公平性评估

文章以重庆市各区县2009年化学需氧量排放量为依据,采用资源环境基尼系数法对重庆市各区县化学需氧量排放状况相对于GDP、人口数、水资源量等自然、社会和经济等指标的公平性进行评估,结果表明:基于人口数和基于GDP的环境基尼系数均低于0.4,化学需氧量排放量的区县分配较为公平地反映了各区县人口数、GDP的分布和差异;基于水资源量的基尼系数达到0.738,远高于0.4,化学需氧量排放量的区县分配基本没有反映各区县水资源量的大小;2009年重庆市COD排放环境基尼系数均值为0.436 7,高于0.4,显示其区县分布有失环境公平性。因此,在制定重庆市"十二五"主要污染物总量减排各区县分配计划时,应充分考虑各区县水资源量的大小,制定较为公平的总量分配计划。

Fair Evaluation of COD Based on Gini Coefficient

Based on COD emission data of 2009 of various counties in Chongqing,resource environmental Gini coefficient method was used for fair evaluation of COD discharge conditions relative to GDP,population,water quantity and other natural,social and economic indices.Results showed that environmental Gini coefficient both based on population and GDP were lower than 0.4,and counties allocation of COD emission fairly reflects population distribution and differences of GDP of various districts and counties.Environmental Gini coefficient based on water quantity was up to 0.738,far higher than 0.4,with counties distribution of COD emission not satisfactory to the water quantity of various districts and counties.Environmental Gini coefficient of COD discharge of Chongqing in 2009 was 0.4367,higher than 0.4,indicating the counties distribution was unfair.Therefore,in the preparation of 12th allocation program of major pollutants of Chongqing,size of water resource should be taken into account for the purpose to develop a more equitable allocation plan.