福州市土地生态系统服务时空分异特征

采用价值系数法估算非建设用地生态系统服务价值,应用防治成本法和替代成本法估算建设用地对生态系统服务的影响价值,并借助“力矩平衡点”法计算区域土地生态系统服务价值空间分布重心,在此基础上,分析了福州市土地生态系统服务价值时空分异特征.结果表明:福州市土地生态系统服务价值从1993年的95541.91×106元降低至2004年的91437.19×106元,而后又增加至2009年的99192.32×106元.林地对福州市土地生态系统服务价值的贡献最大,水域次之,两者约占总服务价值的87%~92%,而建设用地的负面影响逐渐加大.土地生态系统服务价值空间分布重心在不同时期的转移路径,与福州市城市化发展方向正好相反,同时在一定程度上也受区域环境可持续发展保护战略的影响.根据福州市各县(市)区土地生态系统服务价值的空间分布特征,将福州市划分为3个生态功能区:人工调控生态区、半自然半人工恢复生态区和自然调控生态区.

Spatiotemporal differentiation of land eco-system service in Fuzhou City

By using value coefficient method to estimate the ecosystem service value of non-construction land, prevention and alternative cost method to estimate the ecosystem service value affected by construction land, and torque balance point method to calculate the spatial distribution gravity centers of regional land ecosystem service, the spatiotemporal differentiation characteristics of land ecosystem service value were analyzed in Fuzhou City. The results showed that: the land ecosystem service value decreased to 91437.19 million Yuan in 2004 from 95541.91 million Yuan in 1993 in Fuzhou City, and increased to 99192.32 million Yuan in 2009. Wood land and water area contributed about 87%~92% of the total ecosystem service value among all the land use types, while the negative effects of construction land on the total ecosystem service value had gradually increased from 1996 to 2004 to 2009. The transfer directions of the spatial distribution gravity centers of land ecosystem service were according with the urbanization directions of the city during the two study periods, which were also affected by the environment sustainable development strategies of the region. According to the spatial distribution characteristics of land ecosystem service in each county of Fuzhou City, it was divided into three ecological function zones, which were ecological zone of artificial regulation, ecological zone of semi-natural and semi-artificial restoration and ecological zone of natural regulation.