陕西省甲醛柱浓度时空变化及影响因子分析

基于Aura-OMI传感器L2-V003甲醛日产品数据，分析陕西省2010~2018年对流层的甲醛柱浓度时空分布特征，并结合自然和人为因素等进行探讨，结果表明：研究区9年间甲醛柱浓度年际均值呈波动上升趋势，空间分布上关中地区向南北两侧递减.最小值出现在2017年，为9.45×10¹⁵molec/cm²；最高值出现在2018年，为17.40×10¹⁵molec/cm²，年均值为12.82×10¹⁵molec/cm²，季节均值水平为：夏季 > 冬季 > 秋季 > 春季，其中秋季波动性最大，春季最小.月均值幅度较大，呈周期性现象.甲醛浓度稳定性沿秦岭山脉向南北两侧递减；风向、气温和降水等自然因素均对甲醛空间分布产生重要影响，以汉中市为主，植被覆盖度与甲醛呈正相关区域，房屋建筑竣工面积、工业废气排放量、汽车保有量及大气传输等也是引起甲醛浓度变化的重要因素，针对不同区域时空分布特征结合自然、社会因素的相关性分析，提出合理性建议.

Temporal and spatial variation of formaldehyde column concentration and analysis of its influencing factors in Shaanxi Province

Based on the daily formaldehyde product data of Aura-OMI sensor L2-V003, the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of formaldehyde column concentration in the troposphere of Shaanxi Province from 2010 to 2018 were analyzed. At the same time, combined with natural and human factors, the influencing factors of formaldehyde column concentration were discussed. The results showed that the annual mean value of formaldehyde column concentration fluctuated and increased during the period 2010~2018 in the study area. The minimum value was 9.45×10¹⁵molec/cm² in 2017, while the highest value appeared in 2018, which was 17.40×10¹⁵molec/cm², and the annual mean value was 12.82×10¹⁵molec/cm². The spatial distribution was characterized by a decreasing trend from Guanzhong Plain to the south and north. The average value of the season was summer > winter > autumn > spring, in which the fluctuation was the largest in autumn and the smallest in spring. The monthly mean value varied greatly, which presented a cyclical variation. The stability of formaldehyde concentration decreased to the north and south along the Qinling Mountains. Wind direction, temperature and precipitation were natural factors that had an important influence on the spatial distribution of formaldehyde. In areas dominated by Hanzhong City, vegetation coverage was positively correlated with formaldehyde. The completion area of housing construction, industrial exhaust emissions, car ownership and air transmission were important human factors that caused formaldehyde concentration changes. According to the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of different regions, combined with the correlation analysis of natural and human factors, the article putted forward relevant countermeasures and suggestions.