环境大气中半/中等挥发性有机物(S/IVOCs)的测量技术进展

总结了环境大气中半/中等挥发性有机物（S/IVOCs）的主要测量技术及其进展，重点介绍了基于气相色谱技术和化学电离质谱技术的测量方法.S/IVOCs的测量主要由气相色谱技术开始发展，并随着质谱技术的发展而不断发展.基于气相色谱技术的测量方法，能够直接测量非极性化合物，但在面对组分多达千万种的复杂体系时，传统的一维色谱相对耗时，而且由于峰容量不够，峰重叠现象十分严重，难以实现全组分的准确分离.新近发展的多维分离系统如全二维气相色谱，通过正交的分离系统，能够实现复杂体系中物种组分的准确、快速分离.目前基于化学电离质谱技术的在线测量方法已经逐渐应用于S/IVOCs的测量，虽然在物种定性方面相对较弱，但其可提供高时间分辨率的测量结果，帮助分析S/IVOCs在大气中的快速变化.在未来的研究中，高时间分辨率和全组分准确测量是S/IVOCs研究的关键.

Progress in measurements of semi-/intermediate-volatile organic compounds in ambient air

This review summarizes the most important measurement techniques and their applications for semi-/intermediate-volatile organic compounds (S/IVOCs) in ambient air, focusing on techniques based on gas chromatography and chemical ionization mass spectrometry methods. S/IVOCs were initially measured by gas chromatography technologies, and the detection capability has been advanced along with developments of mass spectrometry technologies. Both offline and online gas chromatography methods can directly measure numerous non-polar S/IVOC compounds. However, it is still a challenge in traditional one-dimensional chromatography to separate and quantify myriads of organic compounds in ambient air, as the result of insufficient peak capacity and seriously overlapping of chromatographic peaks. Multi-dimensional separation systems, e.g. comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography, have been applied more widely for S/IVOCs measurements, which can achieve accurate and rapid separation of chemical components in complex chemical systems through orthogonal separation systems. On-line measurement techniques based on chemical ionization mass spectrometry have been developed and applied to S/IVOCs measurements in different atmospheric environments in recent years. These online chemical ionization mass spectrometers can provide high time resolution data for many S/IVOCs species, and facilitate to characterize rapid changes of S/IVOCs concentrations in the atmosphere, although there are still huge difficulties in identification of the species contributing to measured signals. Accurate measurements of more S/IVOCs components with high time resolution remain as the main goal for S/IVOCs measurements in ambient air.