滏阳河主要水环境污染物空间分布特性研究

滏阳河是海河流域的重要河流,断流现象和污染极其严重.本文在相关水文资料和实地野外考察的基础上,首先将平原区河流被分割成4个相互独立的河段,然后根据水样的总氮、总磷、COD、氨氮和硝态氮等污染指标的测定结果,在聚类分析的基础上对污染指标的空间相似性和差异性进行了分析,最后用因子分析的方法对不同河段的污染源进行了源解析.结果表明:滏阳河水体污染极为严重,主要污染指标超过5类标准,氨氮的污染最为严重;水体可分为3类,其分布有明显的地域特点,分别在有常规水补给的邯郸段、非常规水补给河段的上游和非常规水补给河段的下游;主要污染物的空间差异较大,氨氮的差异最为明显;河流水环境污染物主要有3种来源,分别是耗氧型有机污染物、氮类污染物和磷类污染物,不同河段各种污染物来源的贡献有所不同.

Spatial distribution of the main contaminations in aquatic environment in Fuyang River

The Fuyang River has suffered from severe pollution and many non-flow events. Based on the field investigation and the hydrological data, the river is divided into five reaches. The spatial similarities and differences of the main contaminations, including total nitrogen, total phosphorus, COD, ammonia and nitrate, are analyzed. Source apportionment of the contaminations are conducted by the Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The results show that the main contaminations of most water samples in the Fuyang River are inferior to V standard. The water samples can be divided into 3 categories. The first category is mainly distributed in the Handan section, recharged mainly by the natural waters. The second and the third categories are in the upstream and the downstream sections, separately, that are recharged by unconventional waters. The concentration of the main contaminations vary greatly especially for ammonia. In addition, there are three kinds of sources of the main contaminations, oxygen consumption organic pollutants, nitrogenous pollutants and phosphorous pollutants which have different contributions in the different reaches.