微囊藻毒素-LR污染饮水的健康风险及其机制

水体富营养化导致藻类繁殖和水华暴发从而使得藻类释放大量藻毒素，已经演变成为严重的公共卫生问题之一。微囊藻毒素通过饮水严重危害动物和人类的健康安全，最主要的靶器官是肝脏，从而造成肝细胞功能缺陷，比如黄疸和磷酸化活性改变。这些毒性效应主要表现为对磷酸酶的抑制和蛋白磷酸酶活性的调节。综上，微囊藻毒素会造成组织结构损伤、凋亡，即使在低浓度下，也会影响细胞周期，导致肿瘤发生。

Review of Risk Assessment and Ecotoxicological Mechanism of Microcystin-LR Polluted Water

Because of the occurrence of algal blooms caused by eutrophication, a large amount of microcystin which released from the algae has evolved into one of the serious public health problems. Microcystins through drinking water are dangerous to the health and safety of animals and humans. Its main target organ is the liver, and it also resulted in liver cell dysfunction, such as jaundice and the changes of phosphorylation activity. These toxic effects included the inhibition of phosphatase and the regulation of protein phosphatase activity. In summary, microcystins cause tissue damage, apoptosis, concentrations and they can also affect the cell cycle which leads to tumorigenesis even at low level.