基于社会嵌入视角的农户减施化肥意愿影响因素分析

化肥是中国农业生产中最基础的物质投入要素,而化肥的过施滥施则是造成和加重农业面源污染的重要原因。农户作为化肥施用行为的主体,引导其科学施肥对农业可持续发展具有重要意义。本文基于洞庭湖区农业面源污染综合治理试点项目区353份农户问卷调查数据,依托社会嵌入理论,运用二元Logistic模型分析农业面源污染治理中农户减施化肥意愿及其影响因素。结果表明:研究区域农户减施化肥意愿不强;农户减施化肥意愿不仅受到经济利益因素的驱动,还受到社会背景特征、农户自身特征等因素的影响;政府支持、农户认知及社会关系等社会嵌入因素对农户减施化肥意愿存在显著正向影响。基于此,政府应加强对科学施肥行为的支持力度,因地制宜构建科学施肥的社会嵌入环境,提高农户关于减施化肥方面的认知水平,充分发挥社会关系在科学施肥中的引导和示范作用。

Influence Factors on Farmers' Willingness to Reduce Chemical Fertilizer Based on the Perspective of Social Embeddedness

Chemical fertilizer is the most basic material input factor in agricultural production of China, and excessive application of chemical fertilizer is an important reason for causing and aggravating cropland non-point source pollution. As the main body of chemical fertilizer application behavior, it is of great significance to guide farmers to apply chemical fertilizer scientifically for the sustainable development of cropland. Based on the 353 questionnaire survey data of farmers in the pilot project area for comprehensive control of cropland non-point source pollution in the Dongting Lake Area, from the perspective of new economic sociology, relying on the theory of social embeddedness, binary logistic regression model is used to analyze the influencing factor and willingness of farmers to reduce chemical fertilizer in the control of cropland non-point source pollution. The results show that the willingness of farmers in the study area to reduce fertilizer application is not strong. The willingness of farmers to reduce fertilizer application is not only driven by economic benefits, but also influenced by social background characteristics and farmers'' own characteristics. Government support, cognition of farmers and social relations has a significant positive effect on their willingness to reduce fertilizer use. The government should strengthen its support for scientific fertilization behavior, build a socially embedded environment for scientific fertilization in accordance with local conditions, improve farmers'' awareness of reducing chemical fertilizers, and give full play to the guiding and exemplary role of social relations in scientific fertilization.