Air pollution,ethnicity and telomere length in east London schoolchildren: An observational study |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Asthma UK Centre for Applied Asthma Research, Centre for Primary Care and Public Health, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom;2. MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health and NIHR HPRU in Health Impact of Environmental Hazards, King''s College London, London, United Kingdom;3. Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom;4. Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, The University of Edinburgh, Medical School Doorway 3, Teviot Place, Edinburgh, United Kingdom;1. Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China;2. Nursing Department, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China;3. Department of Neurosurgery, Binzhou People''s Hospital, Binzhou, China;4. Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China;5. Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China;1. Unit Health Impact Assessment, Sciensano, Rue Juliette Wytsman 14, 1050 Brussels, Belgium;2. SST/ELI/ELIE-Environmental Sciences, Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Croix du Sud 2/L7.05.16, 1348 Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium;3. Division Forest, Nature and Landscape, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Celestijnenlaan 200E-2411, 3001 Leuven, Belgium;4. Laboratory and Air Quality Department, Brussels Environment, Avenue du Port 86c-3000, 1000 Brussels, Belgium;5. Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Kapucijnenvoer 35D-7001, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;6. Department of Health Protection, Laboratoire National de Santé (LNS), Rue Louis Rech 1, L-3555 Dudelange, Luxembourg |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundShort telomeres are associated with chronic disease and early mortality. Recent studies in adults suggest an association between telomere length and exposure to particulate matter, and that ethnicity may modify the relationship. However associations in children are unknown.ObjectivesWe examined associations between air pollution and telomere length in an ethnically diverse group of children exposed to high levels of traffic derived pollutants, particularly diesel exhaust, and to environmental tobacco smoke.MethodsOral DNA from 333 children (8–9 years) participating in a study on air quality and respiratory health in 23 inner city London schools was analysed for relative telomere length using monochrome multiplex qPCR. Annual, weekly and daily exposures to nitrogen oxides and particulate matter were obtained from urban dispersion models (2008–10) and tobacco smoke by urinary cotinine. Ethnicity was assessed by self-report and continental ancestry by analysis of 28 random genomic markers. We used linear mixed effects models to examine associations with telomere length.ResultsTelomere length increased with increasing annual exposure to NOx (model coefficient 0.003, [0.001, 0.005], p < 0.001), NO2 (0.009 [0.004, 0.015], p < 0.001), PM2.5 (0.041, [0.020, 0.063], p < 0.001) and PM10 (0.096, [0.044, 0.149], p < 0.001). There was no association with environmental tobacco smoke. Telomere length was increased in children reporting black ethnicity (22% [95% CI 10%, 36%], p < 0.001)ConclusionsPollution exposure is associated with longer telomeres in children and genetic ancestry is an important determinant of telomere length. Further studies should investigate both short and long-term associations between pollutant exposure and telomeres in childhood and assess underlying mechanisms. |
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