Exposure to coarse particulate matter during gestation and birth weight in the U.S. |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA;2. Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA;3. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA;4. Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA;5. Department of Geography and Environmental Development, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel;6. Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA;7. Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA;8. Department of Medicine, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA;9. Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA;10. Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA;1. Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium;2. Department of Obstetrics, East-Limburg Hospital, Genk, Belgium;3. Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium;4. Laboratory of Clinical Biology, East-Limburg Hospital, Genk, Belgium;5. Belgian Interregional Environment Agency, Brussels, Belgium;6. Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium;7. Department of Public Health & Primary Care, Occupational & Environmental Medicine, Leuven University, Leuven, Belgium;1. Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, 100 Roberts Road, Subiaco, WA 6008, Australia;2. Center for Perinatal Pediatric and Environmental Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States;3. School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States;1. BIC-ESAT, SKL-ESPC, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;2. Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, School of Population Health & Environmental Sciences, Kings College London, United Kingdom;1. School of Public Health, Curtin University, WA, Australia;2. School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, CT, USA;3. School of Population Health, University of Queensland, QLD, Australia;1. Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, 1515 Clay Street, 16th floor, Oakland, CA 94612, USA;2. School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, 50 University Hall, #7360, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA |
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| Abstract: | Few studies have explored the relationship between coarse particles (PM10-2.5) and adverse birth outcomes. We examined associations between gestational exposure of PM10-2.5 and birth weight. U.S. birth certificates data (1999–2007) were acquired for 8,017,865 births. Gestational and trimester exposures of PM10-2.5 were estimated using co-located PM10 and PM2.5 monitors ≤ 35 km from the population-weighted centroid of mothers' residential counties. A linear regression model was applied, adjusted by potential confounders. As sensitivity analyses, we explored alternative PM10-2.5 estimations, adjustment for PM2.5, and stratification by regions. Gestational exposure to PM10-2.5 was associated with 6.6 g (95% Confidence Interval: 5.9, 7.2) lower birth weight per interquartile range increase (7.8 μg/m3) in PM10-2.5 exposures. All three trimesters showed associations. Under different exposure methods for PM10-2.5, associations remained consistent but with different magnitudes. Results were robust after adjusting for PM2.5, and regional analyses showed associations in all four regions with larger estimates in the South. Our results suggest that PM10-2.5 is associated with birth weight in addition to PM2.5. Regional heterogeneity may reflect differences in population, measurement error, region-specific emission pattern, or different chemical composition within PM10-2.5. Most countries do not set health-based standards for PM10-2.5, but our findings indicate potentially important health effects of PM10-2.5. |
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