ATR-FTIR spectroscopy reveals polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon contamination despite relatively pristine site characteristics: Results of a field study in the Niger Delta |
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| Institution: | 1. Departamento de Física, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, Apartado postal 18-1027, México D.F. C.P. 11801, Mexico;2. Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón y Tollocan, Toluca C.P. 50110, Mexico;3. Laboratorio de Investigación y Desarrollo de Materiales Avanzados, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Km 14.5 Carr, Toluca, Atlacomulco, Mexico;4. Departamento de Quimica, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, Apartado postal 18-1027, México D.F. C.P. 11801, Mexico;5. Tecnológico de Estudios Superiores de Jocotitlán, carretera Toluca-Atlacomulco Km. 44.8, Ejido de San Juan y San Agustín, Jocotitlán, México, C.P. 50700;1. School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, South Korea;2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, South Korea;1. Chimie des Interactions Plasma-Surface (ChIPS), Research Institute for Materials Science and Engineering, Université de Mons, Place du Parc 23, Mons B-7000, Belgium;2. Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel, Université de Nantes, CNRS, 2 rue de la Houssinière B.P. 32229, Nantes Cedex 3 44322, France;3. Université de Toulouse, UPS, INPT, LAPLACE (Laboratoire Plasma et Conversion d''Energie), 118 route de Narbonne, Toulouse Cedex 9 F-31062, France;4. Materia Nova Research Center, Parc Initialis, Avenue Copernic 1, Mons B-7000, Belgium |
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| Abstract: | Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is an emerging technique to detect biochemical alterations in biological tissues, particularly changes due to sub-lethal exposures to environmental contaminants. We have previously shown the potential of attenuated total reflection FTIR (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy to detect real-time exposure to contaminants in sentinel organisms as well as the potential to relate spectral alterations to the presence of specific environmental agents. In this study based in the Niger Delta (Nigeria), changes occurring in fish tissues as a result of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) exposure at contaminated sites are compared to the infrared (IR) spectra of the tissues obtained from a relatively pristine site. Multivariate analysis revealed that PAH contamination could be occurring at the pristine site, based on the IR spectra and significant (P < 0.0001) differences between sites. The study provides evidence of the IR spectroscopy techniques' sensitivity and supports their potential application in environmental biomonitoring. |
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