An Ecologically-Sustainable Surface Water Withdrawal Framework for Cropland Irrigation: A Case Study in Alabama |
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Authors: | Puneet Srivastava Anand K Gupta Latif Kalin |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Biosystems Engineering, Auburn University, 200 Corley Building, Auburn, AL, USA;(2) School of Forestry and Wildlife Sciences, Auburn University, 4335 Forestry and Wildlife Building, Auburn, AL, USA |
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Abstract: | Agricultural production in the state of Alabama, USA, is mostly rain-fed, because of which it is vulnerable to drought during
growing season. Since Alabama receives a significant portion of its annual precipitation during winter months, the goal of
this study was to evaluate the feasibility of water withdrawal from streams during winter months for irrigation in the growing
season. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was used to estimate the quantity of water that can be sustainably withdrawn
from streams during winter high flow periods. The model was successfully calibrated and validated for surface runoff, base
flow, and total stream flow. The stream flows generated by the model at several locations within the watershed were then used
to examine how much water can be sustainably withdrawn from streams of various orders (first, second and third). Although
there was a considerable year-to-year variability in the amount of water that can be withdrawn, a 16-year average showed that
first, second, and third order streams can irrigate about 11.6, 10.3, and 10.6% of their drainage areas, respectively. The
percentage of drainage area that can be irrigated was not a function of stream order. |
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