内蒙古草原四种主要禾本科牧草若干生理特性的研究

禾本科牧草是内蒙古草原植物群落中最重要的优势植物。其中，无芒雀麦（Ｂｒｏｍｕｓｉｎｅｒｍｉｓ）、冰草（Ａｇｒｏｐｙｒｏｎｃｒｉｓｔａｔａｕｍ）、老芒麦（Ｅｌｙｍｕｓｓｉｂｉｒｉｃｕｓ）和麦草（Ｅｌｙｍｕｓｔａｎｇｕｔｏｔｕｍ）是大部分草原的建群种。本文运用室外试验田材料采集和室内实验测定相结合的手段分别为这４种禾木科牧草的蒸腾强度、光合作用、叶绿素含量等生理特性进行研究，结果表明，禾本科牧草一日内蒸腾强度最高值出现于１２：００－１４：３０，到下午４：００有一小回升；光合强度以开始繁殖期为最强。四种牧草中生产潜力最高的是老芒麦。在内蒙古草原上，水分是非常重要的要素，测定表明，空气相对湿度与老芒麦的叶子含水量呈正相关，相关系数达０．９９３。

A STUDY ON THE PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF FOUR MAIN KINDS OF GRASS IN THE GRASSLAND OF INNER MONGOLIA

The four kinds of grass, namely Bromus inermis, Agropyron cristatum, Elymus sibiricus and Elymus tangutotum,are most important in the grassland in Inner Mongolia. The transpiration intensity, the photosynthesis intensity and the chlorophyll content of these grasses are measured and analysed in this study. The results show that in a day the maximum transpiration intensity of the grasses appears between 12:00 and 14:30 p.m.and it rises a little again at 4:00 p. m. The photosynthesis intensity of the grasses reaches the top in the reproductive stage. There is a linear relationship between the relative humidity of the air and the water content of the grass leaves. The correlation coefficient is 0.993.