A floating mid-water coral nursery as larval dispersion hub: testing an idea |
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Authors: | K O Amar B Rinkevich |
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Institution: | (1) Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research, Tel-Shikmona, P.O. Box 8030, Haifa, 30810, Israel;(2) Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel |
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Abstract: | The global decline in reef health has prompted the need for effective management methodologies, including the development
of active restoration measures. One such approach is the ‘gardening concept’ that involves use of underwater nurseries where
coral fragments are farmed before their transplantation into denuded reefs. Here we document enhanced sexual reproduction
in colonies of the coral Stylophora pistillata cultured in mid-water floating nursery situated in nutrient enriched water, near the fish farms in Eilat, Red Sea. We found
that after 2 years of nursery, the average number of oocytes per polyp in farmed colonies was ca. 35% higher than in corresponding
naturally growing colonies. Small branches in the nursery developed gravid colonies that released equal (or more) numbers
of planula larvae as compared to similar size, 5-year old naturally growing colonies. These nursery-borne planulae possessed
more zooxanthellae and contained more chlorophyll per larva. While settled and metamorphosed in equal rates compared to planulae
originated from reef-grown colonies, the nursery borne planulae developed faster growing young colonies. We estimate that
a coral nursery could generate, during the reproductive season, tens of millions of planula larvae and therefore should be
regarded as a ‘larval dispersion hub’ that can be used as a management tool for natural recruitment enhancement. |
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