The formation and maintenance of crayfish hierarchies: behavioral and self-structuring properties |
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Authors: | C Goessmann C Hemelrijk R Huber |
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Institution: | (1) J.P. Scott Center for Neuroscience, Mind and Behavior, and Department of Biological Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Life Sciences Building, Bowling Green, OH 43403, USA e-mail: lobsterman@caspar.bgsu.edu Tel.: +1-419-372-7492, Fax: +1-419-372-2024, US;(2) Department of Zoology, Division of Neuroethology, University of Graz, Universitaetsplatz 2, 8010 Graz, Austria, AT;(3) AILab, Department of Information Technology, University of Zuerich, Switzerland, CH |
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Abstract: | Behavioral changes in fighting and the development of dominance relationships were analyzed in groups of juvenile crayfish
(Astacus astacus) using quantitative behavioral techniques. When individuals were placed into an aquarium, the number of agonistic challenges,
their mean duration, and maximum intensity reached were high initially but then decreased steadily as the hierarchy developed.
In all groups, linear hierarchies emerged which became increasingly stable over time. Winning influenced subsequent fighting
behavior on two distinct time scales. In the short term, recent winners became progressively less likely to retreat. Second,
individuals occupying dominant positions for days became increasingly likely to escalate to higher intensities early in the
encounter. Both effects biased the outcome of future interactions such that winning enhanced further success and losing decreased
an individual’s subsequent chances for dominance.
Received: 11 November 1999 / Revised: 1 March 2000 / Accepted: 3 May 2000 |
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Keywords: | Self-structuring Dominance Winner-loser effect Rank Aggression Agonistic behavior |
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