水生高等植物对太湖重金属的监测及其评价

本文用化学分析方法研究了太湖水生高等植物对重金属的吸收积累特性,并用污染度P=(x-x)/x来评价太湖重金属的污染程度.其结论为:1)植物体中的重金属含量在污染区的高于非污染区;2)河口区植物体中的含量高于其它湖区;3)自然湖泊底质中重金属含量高则植物体中的重金属含量也高.这说明水生高等植物具有对湖泊重金属的监测能力.其评价为:太湖目前的环境质量较好,但存在1％面积的局部污染.

MONITORING OF HEAVY METALS IN MACROPHYTES AND ASSESSMENT OF LACUSTRINE ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY OF TAIHU LAKE

Taihu Lake is one of the five famous big fresh-water lakes in China with an area of 2460km² and a depth of about 2-3m. In order to assess the lacustrine environmental quality of Taihu Lake heavy metals in macrophytes were investigated in the year between 1980-1981. The monitoring data and in turn assessment of the lacustrine environmental quality of Taihu Lake were studied and came to following conclusions:1) The heavy metals in macrophytes in polluted area are found to be higher than in non-polluted area.2) The heavy metals in macrophytes at the mouth of the river are higher than in other lacustrine places.3) The higher the heavy metals in natural lacustrine soils, the higher are the heavy metals in macrophytes in this same area.It is shown that macrophytes possess the capability of indicating heavy metal elements in the Lake. Taihu Lake so far has been found of good water quality, with only 1% of it polluted by heavy metals.