板材甲醛释放实验及其释放参数的测定

采用1m3的小型环境模拟舱,测试了不同温度和装载度条件下胶合板、密度板、细木工板和复合地板中甲醛释放规律.研究发现:甲醛浓度在初始阶段(0~3h)均迅速增大,随后速度慢慢减小,最后浓度趋于恒定值;温度升高会促进板材内甲醛释放,温度每升高5 ℃,甲醛释放量会增加10%~30%;而装载度增大则会减少单位体积板材内甲醛的释放量.利用不同装载度条件下板材在密闭环境舱散发过程和平衡状态浓度,求解了影响板材释放特性的关键释放参数:可散发初始浓度Cm,0、扩散系数Dm和分配系数K;模拟计算的浓度结果与实验测试数据吻合良好,为研究板材甲醛释放规律提供了一种有效手段.

Experience research on formaldehyde emission from wood-based panels and measurement of emission parameters

The measurements of formaldehyde emission from plywood, density board, block board and laminate flooring were obtained using a 1m3 small environment chamber at different temperatures and loading degrees. The experimental results showed that quick emission of formaldehyde occurred initially (0~3h), and then tended to decrease over time. Higher temperatures facilitated formaldehyde emission from wood-based panels, the total emission increased 10%~30% with a temperature increase of 5℃, while the formaldehyde emissions from unit volume panel decreased at higher loading degrees. The key parameters: the initial mobile concentration, Cm,0, the diffusion coefficient, Dm and the partition coefficient, K, determining formaldehyde emission from wood-based panels, were calculated by using emission process and equilibrium concentration in the closed environment chamber at a series of load degrees. The simulation results were coincident with experimental data, which indicated that the method used in the article is an effective means to study the emission rules of formaldehyde emission from wood-based panels.