欧盟碳边境调节机制的影响与应对分析

欧盟碳边境调节机制（CBAM）是当前国际上应对气候变化领域讨论的热点议题。欧盟委员会于2021年7月14日发布了CBAM草案，计划从2023年起逐步实施CBAM，并于2026年起正式对欧盟进口的部分商品征收碳边境调节税，这一举措引起了国际社会的强烈反响。本文对欧盟CBAM对全球和中国的影响进行了系统分析，结果表明：CBAM对全球减排的作用较小，中国碳密集产业将遭遇欧盟等国际市场竞争挤压，可能推进中国碳价上涨，建议要加强跟踪评估与开展储备研究，通过深入参与和引领国际标准与规则制定、全面发展低碳技术和产品、完善碳排放权交易制度、研究开征碳税等积极主动做好应对工作。

Impact and Countermeasures of the EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism

The EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) is a hot topic in the current international discussion on climate change. The European Commission released a draft legislation of the CBAM on July 14, 2021 plans to implement CBAM from 2023 and formally impose a carbon border adjustment tax on some EU imports from 2026, which has aroused strong repercussions from the international community. This paper systematically analyzed the impact of the EU CBAM on the world and China. The results showed that CBAM has little effect on global carbon emission reduction, China''s carbon intensive industries will be squeezed by the competition of the EU and other international markets, and may accelerate the rise of China''s carbon price to narrow the gap between China and the EU. It was suggested to strengthen follow-up evaluation and carry out reserve research, and put forward countermeasures such as deeply participating in and leading the formulation of international standards and rules, comprehensively developing low-carbon technologies and products, improving the carbon emission trading system, and studying the feasibility of levy carbon tax.