全球环境治理的制度困境与行动转向

在环境治理的问题上，20世纪人类社会所表现出来的是一种对契约、技术与制度的崇尚，反映了近代以来社会治理中的价值中立与道德祛魅精神。然而，随着环境危机事件的频发，特别是在环境以及生态问题构成了风险社会的一个重要维度的情况下，依靠契约、制度、技术的环境治理方案陷入低效甚至失灵的境地。人类命运共同体理念的提出，开拓了环境治理的新思路，让我们看到构建人与人、人与自然生命共同体的环境合作治理模式建立的希望。环境合作治理是一种可以将所有力量整合到合作行动体系中的治理模式，能够有效应对日趋恶化的环境问题，并将人类的生存与发展建立在环境友好的基础上。只有当环境治理采用了合作模式，才能在环境的维度上增强人类命运共同体的现实性。

Institutional Dilemma and Action Turn of Global Environmental Governance

On the issue of environmental governance, what the 20th century showed was a worship of contract, technology and institution, which reflected the spirit of value neutrality and moral disenchantment in social governance since modern times. However, with the frequent occurrence of environmental crisis events, especially when environmental and ecological problems constitute an important dimension of risk society, the environmental governance schemes relying on contracts, systems and technologies fall into the situation of low efficiency or even failure. When the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind was put forward, it opened up a new way of environmental governance, and let us see the hope of establishing an environmental collaborative governance model based on the community of life for man and nature. This mode can integrate all forces into the collaborative action system, which can effectively deal with the deteriorating environmental problems, and put the survival and development of human beings on the basis of environmental friendliness. Only when the collaborative mode is adopted in environmental governance can the reality of a community with a shared future for mankind be enhanced from the dimension of environment.