南方沙化土地治理中的农户行为实证研究

我国南方亚热带沙化土地在成因、危害和治理方式上均与北方沙地有很大不同，以沙化土地水土流失治理典型区周边的农户为研究对象，通过实地调研村域基本情况，走访村落中的农户群体与关键人物，获得问卷与访谈数据，对农户沙地治理与利用行为、生态意识、生态认知、农业生产方式等进行了统计分析，从人口特征分异上考察各类农户群体的行为和意识差异，运用Logistic二值回归模型验证农户治理行为的显著影响因子，研究结果表明，农户沙地行为和生态意识在人口特征和土地利用方式上都有显著差异，其中年龄、学历、实际耕种规模、农业损失、沙地活动是影响农户参与沙地造林意愿和行为的主要因素。研究结论对改善沙地生态治理模式和优化环境政策具有一定参考意义，生态治理中的农户行为具有进一步研究的价值

EMPIRICAL RESEARCH ON RURAL HOUSEHOLD BEHAVIOR DURING SANDY LAND MANAGEMENT IN SOUTH CHINA AREA—&mdash|LAKESIDE DESERTIFICATION REGION AROUND POYANG LAKE

The forming factor,caused harms and means of management in the southern subtropical sandy land are very different from those in northern area.The management method has a unique background given rainfall,vegetation,temperature,hydrology,as well as the soil physicochemical properties of the desertification area.The sandy land and degraded land have led to a series of issues,such as low efficiency of production and the landscape destruction.The management of sandy land involves several issues and stakeholders.Rural households are the main participators in tree planting activities,and they also need government staff and specialist to provide essential help in technique and finance.Sandy land management is helpful to improve local environment and promote local farmers livelihoods.A proper management method is useful and meaningful to this area.This paper take rural households living around soil and water loss controlling area as study subjects.Most of them has encountered sand hazard in the past few years or they has experienced in tree planting.The data was collected from field research,key person interviews,and questionnaire.The researchers found that the farmers had the habit to gather herbs in sandy land and selling herbs could raise their income.They also planted pine trees on sandy land annually and protected many forests.They perceived the sandy land mainly through their own experiences and interaction with neighbors.The thesis analyzed the behavioral and willingness differences in the aspects of demographic variation,and found that middle age households were the main participators in soil erosion management projects,because of their stable social status.Senile farmers were more easy to change their land use type after sand hazard.Male farmers hold more positive attitude towards their surrounding environment.This is because of their different social roles in local community.The education could raise awareness of ecosystem but also raised the probabilities of farmers to change to non agricultural job.The logistic regression model was constructed to verify the significant factors of farmers management behavior.14 factors related variations were added to the model,including demographic character of households,awareness of environment,response to policy,response to environment,and perception to sandy land.The result indicates that farmers sandy land management behavior and awareness are significantly different in demographic characteristics and land use patterns.Age,education,actual cultivation acreage,agricultural losses and sandy land activities are the major factors determining farmers tree planting behavior and willingness.The works in this paper have some reference value to improve sandy land management mode and optimize environmental policy.The current condition of local ecosystem calls for more regulations to protect cultivated land,and stabilized land ownership,promote investment to inspire farmers energy to develop sandy land resources.There are some benefits need to be integrated in households level,and the rural households’ behavior in ecological management are worth further research