Development of a scale of perceived environmental annoyances in urban settings |
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| Institution: | 1. Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY;3. Department of Preventive Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY;6. Mindich Child Health & Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY;2. Department of Pediatrics, Kravis Children''s Hospital, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY;4. Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Mass;5. Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Mass;1. Department of Social Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Barcelona, Passeig de la Vall d''Hebrón, 171, 08035 Barcelona, Spain;2. Department of Methodology of Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Psychology, University of Barcelona, Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour (IR3C), Passeig de la Vall d''Hebrón, 171, 08035 Barcelona, Spain;1. Dipartimento di Psicologia dei Processi di Sviluppo e Socializzazione, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy;2. CIRPA – Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca in Psicologia Ambientale, Rome, Italy;3. Architecture Department, Okan Űniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey;4. Facoltà di Scienze dell''Uomo e della Società, Università Kore di Enna, Enna, Italy;1. Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York;2. Department of Geography and Environmental Development, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel;3. Department of Developmental Neurobiology, National Institute of Perinatology, Mexico City, Mexico;4. Division of Research in Community Interventions, National Institute of Perinatology, Mexico City, Mexico;6. Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York;5. Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts;7. Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania;11. Center for Nutrition and Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico;12. Institute for Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York |
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| Abstract: | The construction and validation of an original scale was pursued to measure perceived environmental annoyances in urban settings. This scale included all the potentially aversive situations encountered in the daily lives of city-dwellers. The answers of 926 French respondents to our initial 68-item scale were first analysed. Using statistical techniques, the number of items was reduced to 51 from which the factorial structure was extracted. Seven principal dimensions emerged: feelings of insecurity, inconveniences associated with using public transport, environmental annoyances and concerns for global ecology, lack of control over time related to using cars, incivilities associated with the sharing of public spaces between different users, lack of efficiency resulting from the density of the population, and an insecure and run-down living environment. We also examined these dimensions of perceived environmental annoyances in urban settings according to the sex, age, occupational category and geographical location of respondents. The validated multidimensional scale constitutes a promising instrument for urban research that could usefully be employed in the emerging field at the interface between health psychology and environmental psychology. |
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